Introduction: What Are Hours of Service?
The Hours of Service (HOS) regulations are essential rules that govern how long commercial truck drivers can operate before taking mandatory breaks. These regulations, established by the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA), are designed to prevent driver fatigue and improve road safety.
For trucking companies like ABL Trucking, understanding and complying with Hours of Service rules ensures smooth operations, protects drivers, and keeps shipments on schedule. Whether you’re new to the industry or need a refresher, this guide will cover everything you need to know about HOS regulations, exemptions, and best practices for staying compliant.
Why Are Hours of Service Regulations Important?
Long hours behind the wheel can lead to fatigue, increasing the risk of accidents. The FMCSA HOS regulations ensure that drivers have adequate rest periods, reducing fatigue-related crashes. These laws benefit not only drivers but also logistics companies, clients, and the general public by ensuring safer roadways.
Failure to comply with Hours of Service rules can lead to severe penalties, including fines, loss of driving privileges, and negative safety ratings for carriers. Understanding and following these rules is crucial for both drivers and fleet managers.
Key Hours of Service Regulations Every Truck Driver Must Follow
1. 11-Hour Driving Limit
• A driver can operate for a maximum of 11 hours after 10 consecutive hours off duty.
• Exceeding this limit can lead to violations and penalties.
2. 14-Hour On-Duty Limit
• The 14-hour rule includes all work-related tasks, not just driving.
• After 14 hours on duty (including loading, inspections, and rest breaks), a driver must take at least 10 hours off-duty before driving again.
3. 30-Minute Break Requirement
• After driving for 8 cumulative hours, a driver must take a 30-minute break before continuing.
• This break can include off-duty time, sleeper berth time, or on-duty time that isn’t driving.
4. 60/70-Hour Weekly Limit
• If a company operates 7 days a week, drivers cannot exceed 70 hours in an 8-day period.
• If a company operates 6 days a week, drivers cannot exceed 60 hours in a 7-day period.
• Drivers can restart their 7/8-day period by taking 34 consecutive hours off-duty (also known as the 34-hour restart rule).
5. Sleeper Berth Provision
• Drivers using a sleeper berth must spend at least 8 consecutive hours in the berth and another 2 hours off-duty before they can reset their driving hours.
Common HOS Exemptions and Who Qualifies
Certain drivers are exempt from standard Hours of Service rules. Some of the most common exemptions include:
1. Short-Haul Exemption
• Drivers operating within a 150 air-mile radius of their home base do not have to comply with standard HOS rules.
• They must return to their starting location within 14 hours of beginning their shift.
2. Adverse Driving Conditions Exemption
• If unexpected weather, road closures, or accidents cause delays, drivers can extend their driving limit by up to 2 extra hours.
3. Emergency Exemption
• In declared emergency situations, some HOS regulations may be temporarily suspended to allow for faster deliveries of emergency supplies.
For full exemption details, check out the FMCSA’s official regulations: FMCSA Hours of Service Rules.
How to Track Hours of Service Accurately
HOS compliance requires proper record-keeping. Here are the best methods for tracking Hours of Service:
1. Electronic Logging Devices (ELDs)
• As of December 2017, most commercial drivers are required to use ELDs instead of paper logs.
• ELDs automatically track driving hours, making compliance easier.
• Learn more about ELD requirements at the FMCSA ELD page.
2. Manual Paper Logs (for Exempt Drivers)
• Short-haul and exempt drivers can still use manual logbooks to track hours.
• Keeping detailed, accurate logs is crucial for passing DOT inspections.
3. Fleet Management Software
• Many logistics companies use fleet tracking software to monitor compliance.
• Tools like Geotab and Samsara help with automated tracking, route planning, and driver management.
Tips for Staying Compliant with Hours of Service Regulations
Staying compliant with HOS rules not only prevents violations but also improves efficiency and safety. Here are some best practices:
✅ Plan Routes Efficiently – Factor in rest stops, traffic delays, and weather conditions when planning trips.
✅ Use ELDs for Accuracy – Reduce paperwork errors and ensure proper documentation.
✅ Communicate with Dispatchers – If you’re approaching your HOS limits, let dispatch know in advance.
✅ Take Breaks Seriously – Fatigue leads to accidents—follow your break schedules.
✅ Keep Up with HOS Updates – Regulations may change, so staying informed is essential.
Check out our article on trucking safety tips for more great insights!
Q&A: Hours of Service Regulations
Q1: What happens if a driver exceeds their HOS limit?
A: Exceeding HOS limits can result in penalties, fines, and an Out-of-Service (OOS) order, meaning the driver cannot continue operating until properly rested.
Q2: Can truckers drive more than 11 hours in a day?
A: No, drivers can only drive up to 11 hours after a 10-hour off-duty period. However, certain exemptions apply, such as adverse driving conditions.
Q3: Do HOS rules apply to all commercial truck drivers?
A: No, short-haul drivers, emergency response teams, and farm/agriculture drivers may be exempt.
Q4: How do ELDs help with HOS compliance?
A: Electronic Logging Devices (ELDs) automatically track driving time, reducing errors and ensuring accurate record-keeping.
Conclusion: The Importance of Hours of Service Compliance
Understanding and following Hours of Service regulations is essential for truck drivers and logistics companies. These rules keep roads safe, prevent driver fatigue, and ensure ABL Trucking operates efficiently.
By staying compliant, using ELDs, and planning routes wisely, drivers can avoid penalties while maintaining a productive schedule.
If you’re a licensed CDL driver or Diesel Mechanic and you're looking for a job, ABL Trucking is hiring! Apply Today!
